This blog post I wrote for Locate Press helps set the stage for those new to the scene of mapping, geography, spatial data, and application development.
Category: Geospatial
Getting into large(ish) GIS datasets
It’s been a long time since a post but I wanted to highlight some of the new tooling that I’m learning while digging into the OmniSci platform – namely, extreme geospatial map rendering and analytics powered by server-side GPUs.
In this video I load a ~12M point dataset from geonames.org and explore it using both QGIS and OmniSci – just to get a feel for how easily it fits a normal kind of GIS exploration workflow.
See OmniSci in action with truly large datasets (we talk in billions usually) using some interactive demos at: https://www.omnisci.com/demos
Deep learning + cartography
A couple years ago you may have read this great post from boredpanda talking about a research paper that took deep learning algorithms and applied them to art. This opened up the possibility of, say, taking a photo and having it re-imagined as being a painting from an old master.
It’s actually pretty easy to do this now using a site called deepdreamgenerator.com. I’ve done quite a few experiments on the site using a variety of images from the web and found it pretty fun.
I’ve also started to download some of the deep learning toolkits (e.g. Berkely Caffee) that are available, hopefully I can do higher resolution work with these in the future.
But for you today I thought I’d take a basic QGIS map using Natural Earth dataset and have it “re-cartofied” as Mercator – and show you how I did it.
Step 1 – Make a world map with QGIS
Using the awesome data from the Natural Earth website I put together a very simple world map.
Step 2 – Grab an old map
The way this deep “dream” imaging site works is that it can use a second image as, what they call, a style. So I first just grabbed a basic Mercator map of Scotland. Lots are available on David Rumsey’s awesome map library site!
At first I used the full basic image without any processing, but it produced weird artifacts – lines, etc. in the resulting map. Here are a few of my test images. If you select them from this page you can see the input/source images.
Step 3 – Deep Learning Cartography Magic – Voila!
The final version of my map turned out good enough, though there are several more settings I could tweak. Note, those are not compression artifacts – they are mountains! Yes, in the ocean 🙂
Tips…
To get this far I had to also crop the Mercator source map to remove page borders, legend, surrounding text, etc. This helped reduce the set of input style items to things like mountains, water, and of course CASTLES! 🙂 Here is the image I used for styling.
I hope you found this interesting, if you make something similar please share it with on Twitter/1tylermitchell.
Make Stellar/Star Data Maps In GIS
I have a latent interest in stargazing but haven’t done much about it for a long time until the past weekend when I had a bit of time and wondered if I could create a star map using QGIS. I found a couple tutorials and stackexchange questions that referenced David Nash’s HYG Database from www.Astronexus.com. Some of the tutorials showed equations for computing latitude and longitude from the star position values – ascension, declination specifically. However, I found that there is already an X and Y column in the latest version of the dataset which makes it easy to map, here’s how.
Download the Star Location Data
From the HYG Database page, grab the HYG version 3.0 dataset:
- HYG 3.0: Database containing all stars in Hipparcos, Yale Bright Star, and Gliese catalogs (almost 120,000 stars, 14 MB)
The resulting 34MB CSV file contains about 20 columns and 119,615 rows.
Import CSV File into QGIS
- Launch QGIS (I’m using 2.10.1-Pisa)
- Select Layer -> Add Layer -> Add Delimited Text Layer
- Browse to the file location, select File Format radio button as CSV and the rest should take care of itself
Tweak the Map
If you use a typical WGS84 projection you’ll get a ton of points oriented in a circle. I took a few minutes to zoom into a meaningful scale (for me it was around 1:5M), change the background colour and then use the LUM attribute to change the relative size of the stars. I also changed the colours to be shades of white. Here is what I was able to produce. It’s not all that meaningful to me but I know that when I need to dig into the data further it will be available!
I’ve attached my project file here so you can get started quickly.
I’d love to hear what you would use this kind of data for and if you have any tips for making it more useful or better rendered.
Trick serving a hillshade image from GeoServer
I had the perfect hillshade raster ready to throw on top of my web map, I had previewed it in QGIS and the colour stretching and values looked fine.
I then loaded it into GeoServer and it looked great in the OpenLayers Layer Preview window as well.
However, once I added it as a WMS layer in a Leaflet map, I got really confused. Even though I had my NODATA=255 parameters seemingly working well there appeared a small strip around the outside of the image that was obnoxious.
I figured I could change it with an SLD but hadn’t done it before so it took a while to figure out. For a couple hours I tried various permutations of the default “raster” Style, but with no luck. The image, otherwise, looked great so the Style obviously wasn’t a real problem in and of itself.
The trick came when I realised that I need to set my color maps for the gray band explicitly. Up to this point no particular band had been isolated for color mapping. I found the right place to put the elements in the SLD and all worked out well.
My takeaway: there must be a better way to develop SLD for rasters. The options in the GeoServer docs are amazing and exciting, but trying to fit them into a specific context has always been a challenge for me. That’s why I had to write this down, but I’m sure I’ll have to remember it all again a year from now!
My SLD:
default_hillshade Raster Hillshade Grayscale hillshade SLD rule1 Hillshade with transparency Ignore values outside valid range, nodata values transparent 1
Day 1 – Building a 3D Game using Geo Data (Hobby project)
We are a team of three guys (so far) with a design idea for a simple yet challenging racing/strategy game based on real-world geospatial data coupled with a 3D gaming engine. Tonight we started building it together in Unity after downloading a bunch of public geospatial datasets. Here’s a summary of what we’ve done and some basic screenshots. The goal is to make progress every couple days to show we is possible with a little work and a combination of creative, technical and group management skillsets.
First Images
Starting with Geography
The landscape of our 3D game is built using real world geographic information – aka geospatial data. We wanted this so that we could build games around real locales and market the game to local users. One side benefit is the players will learn a little about Canadian geography!
We’ve got a great collection of geo data for all of Canada available through the government Geogratis website. After we’ve decided what map tile numbers we needed, we grab the CDED data which is a TIFF elevation image file with geographic coordinates included.
We also found a BC provincial shaded relief map layer that was pretty nice as a starter. As both these data files are geolocated we can load the data into GIS (geographic information system) software from QGIS.org and combine it with any other data we have for the region. In our case we have a “populated places” point file from naturalearthdata.org that we show as stars on top of the shaded relief map.
Then we export the elevation data and the relief data (including the stars) into two files for Unity to ingest. The result is one PNG that is going to be our texture and the other will be the heightmap for the terrain.
Loading into Unity
We created a terrain object with some pretty huge dimensions and height. There are mountains in the region we are working with, so it’s pretty cool to see. We apply the heightmap using a commonly used Unity script (I’ll have to put the link here when I remember where I got it!).
Then we add the shade relief map as a texture to the terrain et voila! We threw in a plane of basic water and raised it to the level where it filled the main river valleys. As our game is going to first start as a river racing game, we want to start with water from the very beginning.
We added a car, parented it to the camera and were racing down our waterways within 2 hours of starting. We spent a lot of time adjusting sizes of terrains and texture so we could try to match real-world scale. There are some further ideas we are going to try to optimise this as well as nail down a workflow for easily ingesting new geodata for other regions (as we had to manually export and adjust things in the GIS).
Reposted from our Indiedb blog, hence writing for a slightly non-geo audience: http://www.indiedb.com/members/1tylermitchell/blogs/edit/1mitchellco-day-1-cross-country-river-run-race-game
PDF Map Hack – Remove Embedded Image
Need to remove an embedded image from a PDF file? You can easily chop out parts of it as needed with the PDFtk command line tool and a little bit of text editing. Here’s how… Continue reading PDF Map Hack – Remove Embedded Image
Generate terrain with flowing water from DEM in Unity
Just a quick video follow up based on a reader asking how I did what I did in my previous post with Unity (http://unity3d.com) game engine.
Using Surface Wave asset and built-in Unity Terrain generator, plus a script for taking DEMs and creating Terrains easily. I’m really new at this by the way, but have a brilliant teacher showing me this stuff in my spare time 🙂
High speed water flow simulation on a DEM
I’m helping some friends who are working on a project to visualise a whole whack of GIS data in Unity (Unity3D.com) game engine. It looks like we’ll end up working on a GIS -> Unity workflow for generating terrains from DEMs and texture maps from orthophotos. To top it off they’ve already got a landcover classification app running that takes landcover raster classes and creates 3D objects (grass, trees, water) in the model. (Don’t worry, I won’t tease you by mentioning their voxel based subsurface soil model interaction). It’s still early but really encouraging so far.
Next up is to simulate water flow in the environment and it was slim pickings for options for doing this. Then they found the Unity asset called Surface Waves (US$80) – it does the water flow work we wanted but much more. I just posted a really short test video to see how it worked – with both an auto generated water source and a manual placement water source, like a paint brush, that allows you to see how things will flow. It is amazingly performant on a notebook.
Be sure to check out Surface Waves’ demo video – it frees you from trying to emulate the look of water movement through shader trickery to actually simulating water flow over and around objects. Things that used to take a sophisticated GIS quite a while to compute actually, the last time I tried anyway 🙂
More to come as we play around with it, but I put it out there in case other spatially oriented folks might be interested as well in the GIS -> Unity workflow challenges being worked through. If so, I’ll do more video highlighting the work that’s underway.
![Web Mapping Illustrated – 10 year celebration giveaway [ENDED!]](https://www.spatialguru.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/web-mapping-tyler-mitchell-large-581x510.png)
Web Mapping Illustrated – 10 year celebration giveaway [ENDED!]
Update: All copies are gone! If you want Geospatial Desktop or Geospatial Power Tools – go to LocatePress.com – quantity discounts available. For Web Mapping Illustrated go to Amazon.
I’m giving away a couple copies of my circa 2005 classic book. Details below… When O’Reilly published Web Mapping Illustrated – Using Open Source GIS Toolkits – nothing like it existed on the market. It was a gamble but worked out well in the end.
Primarily focused on MapServer, GDAL/OGR and PostGIS, it is a how-to guide for those building web apps that included maps. That’s right, you couldn’t just use somebody else’s maps all the time – us geographers needed jobs, after all.
To help give you the context of the times, a couple months before the final print date, Google Maps, was released. I blithely added a reference to their site just in case it became popular.
The book is still selling today and though I haven’t reviewed it in a while, I do believe many of the concepts are still as valid as when it was written. In fact, it’s even easier to install and configure the apps now due to packaging and distribution options that didn’t exist back then. Note this was also a year before OSGeo.org’s collaborative efforts started to help popularise the tools further.
In celebration of 10 years of sales I have a couple autographed copies as giveaways to the first two people who don’t mind paying only for the shipping (about USD$8) and who drop me a note expressing their interest.
Additionally, I have some of Gary Sherman’s excellent Geospatial Desktop books as giveaways as well. Same deal, pay actual shipping cost only from my remote hut in northern Canada. Just let me know you’d like one of them and I’ll email you the PayPal details. Sorry, not autographed by Gary, though I was editor and publisher, so could scribble on it for you if desired.